They have collaborated since 1990, the year they worked as assistants for the artists Gilbert & George and graduated from the Royal College of Art, London. They belong to the famous generation of Young British Artists (YBA) and are known for the creation of often shocking mixed-media works, related to issues of politics and religion, and reflect on incidents related to history and memory. In 1999 they created a particularly ambitious work, Hell: a model with more than 30 000 figures, many wearing Nazi uniforms, performing various acts of cruelty (in 2004 the sculpture was destroyed in a fire and a new version was proposed in 2008 called Fucking Hell). In 2008, with the intent to deliberately shock the audience, they exhibited Fucking Hell at the White Cube Gallery in London alongside watercolors by Adolf Hitler. For the use of raw and controversial themes, the artists are also known globally for numerous negative reviews put forward by critics. Their works have been shown in important institutions such as the Museum Kunstpalast in Düsseldorf and MoMA PS1 in New York. They have participated in exhibitions at the Museum of Contemporary Art KIASMA (2006) Helsinki; Tate Liverpool (2006); Tate Modern (2007), London; Hermitage Museum (2012), Saint Petersburg; Pinchuck Art Centre (2013), Kiev; Fondazione Berengo (2015), Venice; for the temporary exhibition Glassfever (2016), Dordrecht; at the Institute of Contemporary Arts (2016), London; and the Galerie Kamel Mennour (2016), Paris. They were nominated for the Turner Prize (2013).